Point defects Point defects describes the imperfections in solids alongside point defects types. The formation of crystalline solids takes place by connecting great numbers of crystals, smaller in size. After the crystallization process, various defects types are observed in the crystal. Point defects are calculated when the process of crystallization takes place at a pretty … Read more
Amines are basically derivatives of the ammonia compound. These derivatives are formed by the replacement of the hydrogen atoms by the alkyl or the aryl groups. The amines are basic in nature. This is because the nitrogen atom has high electron density, as it has two valence electrons in its orbital. Also, the alkyl and … Read more
Phenols are organic hydrocarbon compounds with a hydroxyl group directly attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon compound like Benzene Ring. Phenols are also termed as Phenolic compounds. The molecular the formula of phenols is C6H5O6. The synthesis of Phenols is Natural as well as artificial. Uses of phenol Phenols are compounds with a hydroxyl group attached … Read more
d and f Block Elements General Introduction Transition metals are divided into two forms—transition metals and inner transition metals. They are classified based on their electron configurations. In the case of a transition metal, the highest occupied s sublevel where a nearby d sublevel contains electrons giving then another name – d block. Alternatively, in … Read more
The Fuel cells produce the electricity via the chemical reaction, but the condition is there’s no combustion. It does convert the Hydrogen plus the oxygen into the water, and during the process, it also creates the electricity. It refers to a device which there’s the conversion of electrochemical energy which produces water, electricity, and heat. … Read more
d and f Block Elements Metallic character Transition metals are capable to release e- into the pool of mobile electrons from both outer and inner shells. Strong metallic bonds are formed between the mobile pool and the delocalised +ve metal ions. High electrical and thermal conductivity High melting point Malleable – easily beaten into shape … Read more
d and f Block Elements Interstitial compounds Transition metals are capable of forming complex non-stoichiometry compounds. These are compounds with indefinite structure and proportions. For example, Fe0.94O has a structure that is mostly due to the variable valency of transition elements. Non-stoichiometry is a result of defects in the solid structures and variable oxidation state … Read more
d and f Block Elements Preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4 A complex ion is formed when a central ion is surrounded by molecules or ions which possess a lone pair of electrons. The relatively high charge and small size of the transition metal allow them to attract the ligand’s lone pair of electrons. … Read more
d and f Block Elements Lanthanides: Electronic configuration The third transition series (inner) or 4f series contains 15 elements from Lanthanum (La) to Hafnium (Hf) through Gold (Au)) with 5d subshell being filled with electrons. The lanthanides are soft metals similar to the first period and they can be easily cut with a knife. The … Read more
d and f Block Elements Oxidation states One of the most significant features of transition metals is the wide range of oxidation states (oxidation numbers) that the metals can show. Variable oxidation states are possible because the 4s and 3d sub-levels are very close in energy. It is relatively easy to lose electrons from either … Read more